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Action Controller Live

将此模块混合到您的控制器中,该控制器中的所有操作都将能够在写入时将数据流式传输到客户端。

class MyController < ActionController::Base
  include ActionController::Live

  def stream
    response.headers['Content-Type'] = 'text/event-stream'
    100.times {
      response.stream.write "hello world\n"
      sleep 1
    }
  ensure
    response.stream.close
  end
end

此模块有一些注意事项。您**不能**在响应提交后写入标头(Response#committed? 将返回真值)。在响应流上调用writeclose 将导致响应对象被提交。确保在调用流上的 write 或 close 之前设置所有标头。

您**必须**在完成时在流上调用 close,否则套接字可能会永远保持打开状态。

最后一个注意事项是,您的操作在与主线程不同的线程中执行。确保您的操作是线程安全的,这应该不成问题(不要跨线程共享状态等)。

请注意,Rails 默认情况下包含Rack::ETag,它将缓冲您的响应。因此,流式传输响应可能无法与 Rack 2.2.x 正确配合,您可能需要在应用程序中实现解决方法。您可以设置ETagLast-Modified 响应标头,或者从中间件堆栈中删除Rack::ETag 来解决此问题。

以下是如何在 Rack 版本为 2.2.x 时设置Last-Modified 标头的示例

def stream
  response.headers["Content-Type"] = "text/event-stream"
  response.headers["Last-Modified"] = Time.now.httpdate # Add this line if your Rack version is 2.2.x
  ...
end
命名空间
方法
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实例公共方法

process(name)

# File actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/live.rb, line 273
def process(name)
  t1 = Thread.current
  locals = t1.keys.map { |key| [key, t1[key]] }

  error = nil
  # This processes the action in a child thread. It lets us return the
  # response code and headers back up the Rack stack, and still process
  # the body in parallel with sending data to the client.
  new_controller_thread {
    ActiveSupport::Dependencies.interlock.running do
      t2 = Thread.current

      # Since we're processing the view in a different thread, copy the
      # thread locals from the main thread to the child thread. :'(
      locals.each { |k, v| t2[k] = v }
      ActiveSupport::IsolatedExecutionState.share_with(t1)

      begin
        super(name)
      rescue => e
        if @_response.committed?
          begin
            @_response.stream.write(ActionView::Base.streaming_completion_on_exception) if request.format == :html
            @_response.stream.call_on_error
          rescue => exception
            log_error(exception)
          ensure
            log_error(e)
            @_response.stream.close
          end
        else
          error = e
        end
      ensure
        @_response.commit!
      end
    end
  }

  ActiveSupport::Dependencies.interlock.permit_concurrent_loads do
    @_response.await_commit
  end

  raise error if error
end

response_body=(body)

# File actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/live.rb, line 319
def response_body=(body)
  super
  response.close if response
end

send_stream(filename:, disposition: "attachment", type: nil)

将流发送到浏览器,这在您生成导出或其他运行数据时很有用,因为您不希望整个文件首先在内存中缓冲。类似于 send_data,但数据是实时生成的。

选项

  • :filename - 建议浏览器使用的文件名。

  • :type - 指定 HTTP 内容类型。您可以指定字符串或使用 Mime::Type.register 注册的类型的符号,例如 :json。如果省略,类型将从 :filename 中指定的扩展名推断。如果扩展名没有注册内容类型,则将使用默认类型“application/octet-stream”。

  • :disposition - 指定文件将内联显示还是下载。有效值为“inline”和“attachment”(默认值)。

生成 csv 导出的示例

send_stream(filename: "subscribers.csv") do |stream|
  stream.write "email_address,updated_at\n"

  @subscribers.find_each do |subscriber|
    stream.write "#{subscriber.email_address},#{subscriber.updated_at}\n"
  end
end
# File actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/live.rb, line 345
def send_stream(filename:, disposition: "attachment", type: nil)
  response.headers["Content-Type"] =
    (type.is_a?(Symbol) ? Mime[type].to_s : type) ||
    Mime::Type.lookup_by_extension(File.extname(filename).downcase.delete("."))&.to_s ||
    "application/octet-stream"

  response.headers["Content-Disposition"] =
    ActionDispatch::Http::ContentDisposition.format(disposition: disposition, filename: filename)

  yield response.stream
ensure
  response.stream.close
end