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Action Dispatch 响应

表示由控制器操作生成的 HTTP 响应。使用它来检索响应的当前状态,或自定义响应。它可以表示一个真实的 HTTP 响应(即一个要发送回 Web 浏览器的响应)或一个 TestResponse(即一个从集成测试生成的响应)。

当前请求的响应对象在控制器上以 ActionController::Metal#response 的形式公开。 ActionController::Metal 还提供了一些其他方法,这些方法委托给响应的属性,例如 ActionController::Metal#headers

Integration 测试可能也希望更详细地检查响应。诸如 Integration::RequestHelpers#getIntegration::RequestHelpers#post 之类的方法返回 TestResponse(从 Response 继承)的实例,用于此目的。

例如,以下演示集成测试将控制器响应的主体打印到控制台

class DemoControllerTest < ActionDispatch::IntegrationTest
  def test_print_root_path_to_console
    get('/')
    puts response.body
  end
end
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包含的模块

常量

CONTENT_TYPE = "Content-Type"
 
ContentTypeHeader = Struct.new :mime_type, :charset
 
Header = Headers
 

即将弃用

Headers = ::Rack::Headers
 
NO_CONTENT_CODES = [100, 101, 102, 103, 204, 205, 304]
 
NullContentTypeHeader = ContentTypeHeader.new nil, nil
 
SET_COOKIE = "Set-Cookie"
 

属性

[R] header

响应的标头。

header["Content-Type"] # => "text/plain"
header["Content-Type"] = "application/json"
header["Content-Type"] # => "application/json"

也称为 headers

headers["Content-Type"] # => "text/plain"
headers["Content-Type"] = "application/json"
headers["Content-Type"] # => "application/json"

也称为 header,以保持兼容性。

[R] headers

响应的标头。

header["Content-Type"] # => "text/plain"
header["Content-Type"] = "application/json"
header["Content-Type"] # => "application/json"

也称为 headers

headers["Content-Type"] # => "text/plain"
headers["Content-Type"] = "application/json"
headers["Content-Type"] # => "application/json"

也称为 header,以保持兼容性。

[RW] request

响应所针对的请求。

[R] status

HTTP 状态代码。

[R] stream

作为可流式对象的基本主体。

类公共方法

create(status = 200, headers = {}, body = [], default_headers: self.default_headers)

# File actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb, line 157
def self.create(status = 200, headers = {}, body = [], default_headers: self.default_headers)
  headers = merge_default_headers(headers, default_headers)
  new status, headers, body
end

merge_default_headers(original, default)

# File actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb, line 162
def self.merge_default_headers(original, default)
  default.respond_to?(:merge) ? default.merge(original) : original
end

new(status = 200, headers = nil, body = [])

# File actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb, line 169
def initialize(status = 200, headers = nil, body = [])
  super()

  @headers = Headers.new

  headers&.each do |key, value|
    @headers[key] = value
  end

  self.body, self.status = body, status

  @cv           = new_cond
  @committed    = false
  @sending      = false
  @sent         = false

  prepare_cache_control!

  yield self if block_given?
end

实例公共方法

abort()

# File actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb, line 382
def abort
  if stream.respond_to?(:abort)
    stream.abort
  elsif stream.respond_to?(:close)
    # `stream.close` should really be reserved for a close from the
    # other direction, but we must fall back to it for
    # compatibility.
    stream.close
  end
end

await_commit()

# File actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb, line 195
def await_commit
  synchronize do
    @cv.wait_until { @committed }
  end
end

await_sent()

# File actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb, line 201
def await_sent
  synchronize { @cv.wait_until { @sent } }
end

body()

返回响应内容作为字符串。这包含对 render 的任何调用的内容。

# File actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb, line 316
def body
  @stream.body
end

body=(body)

允许您手动设置或覆盖响应主体。

# File actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb, line 325
def body=(body)
  if body.respond_to?(:to_path)
    @stream = body
  else
    synchronize do
      @stream = build_buffer self, munge_body_object(body)
    end
  end
end

body_parts()

# File actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb, line 369
def body_parts
  parts = []
  @stream.each { |x| parts << x }
  parts
end

charset()

响应的字符集。HTML 想要知道您提供给他们的内容的编码,因此我们需要将其发送过去。

# File actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb, line 286
def charset
  header_info = parsed_content_type_header
  header_info.charset || self.class.default_charset
end

charset=(charset)

设置 HTTP 字符集。如果参数为 nil,则将字符集设置为 default_charset

response.charset = 'utf-16' # => 'utf-16'
response.charset = nil      # => 'utf-8'
# File actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb, line 275
def charset=(charset)
  content_type = parsed_content_type_header.mime_type
  if false == charset
    set_content_type content_type, nil
  else
    set_content_type content_type, charset || self.class.default_charset
  end
end

close()

# File actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb, line 378
def close
  stream.close if stream.respond_to?(:close)
end

code()

返回一个字符串以确保与 Net::HTTPResponse 兼容。

# File actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb, line 297
def code
  @status.to_s
end

commit!()

# File actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb, line 205
def commit!
  synchronize do
    before_committed
    @committed = true
    @cv.broadcast
  end
end

committed?()

# File actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb, line 229
def committed?; synchronize { @committed }; end

content_type()

响应的 Content type。

# File actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb, line 255
def content_type
  super.presence
end

content_type=(content_type)

设置 HTTP 响应的 Content MIME 类型。例如,在控制器中你可以这样写

response.content_type = "text/plain"

如果为该响应定义了字符集(参见 charset=),则字符集信息也将包含在 Content type 信息中。

# File actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb, line 245
def content_type=(content_type)
  return unless content_type
  new_header_info = parse_content_type(content_type.to_s)
  prev_header_info = parsed_content_type_header
  charset = new_header_info.charset || prev_header_info.charset
  charset ||= self.class.default_charset unless prev_header_info.mime_type
  set_content_type new_header_info.mime_type, charset
end

cookies()

返回响应的 cookies,转换为一个 Hash,包含 (名称 => 值) 对

assert_equal 'AuthorOfNewPage', r.cookies['author']
# File actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb, line 406
def cookies
  cookies = {}
  if header = get_header(SET_COOKIE)
    header = header.split("\n") if header.respond_to?(:to_str)
    header.each do |cookie|
      if pair = cookie.split(";").first
        key, value = pair.split("=").map { |v| Rack::Utils.unescape(v) }
        cookies[key] = value
      end
    end
  end
  cookies
end

delete_header(key)

# File actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb, line 193
def delete_header(key); @headers.delete key; end

each(&block)

# File actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb, line 75
def each(&block)
  sending!
  x = @stream.each(&block)
  sent!
  x
end

get_header(key)

# File actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb, line 191
def get_header(key);    @headers[key];       end

has_header?(key)

# File actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb, line 190
def has_header?(key);   @headers.key? key;   end

media_type()

响应的媒体类型。

# File actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb, line 260
def media_type
  parsed_content_type_header.mime_type
end

message()

返回当前 HTTP 状态码对应的消息

response.status = 200
response.message # => "OK"

response.status = 404
response.message # => "Not Found"
也称为:status_message
# File actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb, line 309
def message
  Rack::Utils::HTTP_STATUS_CODES[@status]
end

prepare!()

别名:to_a

reset_body!()

# File actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb, line 365
def reset_body!
  @stream = build_buffer(self, [])
end

response_code()

请求的响应代码。

# File actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb, line 292
def response_code
  @status
end

send_file(path)

将存储在 path 中的文件作为响应主体发送。

# File actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb, line 360
def send_file(path)
  commit!
  @stream = FileBody.new(path)
end

sending!()

# File actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb, line 213
def sending!
  synchronize do
    before_sending
    @sending = true
    @cv.broadcast
  end
end

sending?()

# File actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb, line 228
def sending?;   synchronize { @sending };   end

sending_file=(v)

# File actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb, line 264
def sending_file=(v)
  if true == v
    self.charset = false
  end
end

sent!()

# File actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb, line 221
def sent!
  synchronize do
    @sent = true
    @cv.broadcast
  end
end

sent?()

# File actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb, line 230
def sent?;      synchronize { @sent };      end

set_header(key, v)

# File actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb, line 192
def set_header(key, v); @headers[key] = v;   end

status=(status)

设置 HTTP 状态码。

# File actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb, line 233
def status=(status)
  @status = Rack::Utils.status_code(status)
end

status_message()

别名: message

to_a()

Response 转换为与 Rack 兼容的包含状态、头信息和主体内容的数组。允许显式展开

status, headers, body = *response
也称为: prepare!
# File actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb, line 397
def to_a
  commit!
  rack_response @status, @headers.to_hash
end

write(string)

# File actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb, line 320
def write(string)
  @stream.write string
end