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Active Record 核心

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属性

[R] 严格加载模式

类公有方法

配置()

返回完全解析的 ActiveRecord::DatabaseConfigurations 对象

# File activerecord/lib/active_record/core.rb, line 77
def self.configurations
  @@configurations
end

配置=(config)

包含数据库配置 - 通常存储在 config/database.yml 中 - 作为 ActiveRecord::DatabaseConfigurations 对象。

例如,以下 database.yml...

development:
  adapter: sqlite3
  database: storage/development.sqlite3

production:
  adapter: sqlite3
  database: storage/production.sqlite3

...将导致 ActiveRecord::Base.configurations 如下所示

#<ActiveRecord::DatabaseConfigurations:0x00007fd1acbdf800 @configurations=[
  #<ActiveRecord::DatabaseConfigurations::HashConfig:0x00007fd1acbded10 @env_name="development",
    @name="primary", @config={adapter: "sqlite3", database: "storage/development.sqlite3"}>,
  #<ActiveRecord::DatabaseConfigurations::HashConfig:0x00007fd1acbdea90 @env_name="production",
    @name="primary", @config={adapter: "sqlite3", database: "storage/production.sqlite3"}>
]>
# File activerecord/lib/active_record/core.rb, line 71
def self.configurations=(config)
  @@configurations = ActiveRecord::DatabaseConfigurations.new(config)
end

connection_handler()

# File activerecord/lib/active_record/core.rb, line 117
def self.connection_handler
  ActiveSupport::IsolatedExecutionState[:active_record_connection_handler] || default_connection_handler
end

connection_handler=(handler)

# File activerecord/lib/active_record/core.rb, line 121
def self.connection_handler=(handler)
  ActiveSupport::IsolatedExecutionState[:active_record_connection_handler] = handler
end

current_preventing_writes()

返回表示当前防止写入设置的符号。

ActiveRecord::Base.connected_to(role: :reading) do
  ActiveRecord::Base.current_preventing_writes #=> true
end

ActiveRecord::Base.connected_to(role: :writing) do
  ActiveRecord::Base.current_preventing_writes #=> false
end
# File activerecord/lib/active_record/core.rb, line 180
def self.current_preventing_writes
  connected_to_stack.reverse_each do |hash|
    return hash[:prevent_writes] if !hash[:prevent_writes].nil? && hash[:klasses].include?(Base)
    return hash[:prevent_writes] if !hash[:prevent_writes].nil? && hash[:klasses].include?(connection_class_for_self)
  end

  false
end

current_role()

返回表示当前连接角色的符号。

ActiveRecord::Base.connected_to(role: :writing) do
  ActiveRecord::Base.current_role #=> :writing
end

ActiveRecord::Base.connected_to(role: :reading) do
  ActiveRecord::Base.current_role #=> :reading
end
# File activerecord/lib/active_record/core.rb, line 143
def self.current_role
  connected_to_stack.reverse_each do |hash|
    return hash[:role] if hash[:role] && hash[:klasses].include?(Base)
    return hash[:role] if hash[:role] && hash[:klasses].include?(connection_class_for_self)
  end

  default_role
end

current_shard()

返回表示当前连接分片的符号。

ActiveRecord::Base.connected_to(role: :reading) do
  ActiveRecord::Base.current_shard #=> :default
end

ActiveRecord::Base.connected_to(role: :writing, shard: :one) do
  ActiveRecord::Base.current_shard #=> :one
end
# File activerecord/lib/active_record/core.rb, line 161
def self.current_shard
  connected_to_stack.reverse_each do |hash|
    return hash[:shard] if hash[:shard] && hash[:klasses].include?(Base)
    return hash[:shard] if hash[:shard] && hash[:klasses].include?(connection_class_for_self)
  end

  default_shard
end

destroy_association_async_batch_size

指定dependent: :destroy_async关联选项在单个后台作业中销毁的最大记录数。当nil(默认值)时,所有从属记录都将在单个后台作业中销毁。如果指定,要销毁的记录将拆分为多个后台作业。

# File activerecord/lib/active_record/core.rb, line 47
class_attribute :destroy_association_async_batch_size, instance_writer: false, instance_predicate: false, default: nil

destroy_association_async_job()

用于在后台销毁关联的作业类。

# File activerecord/lib/active_record/core.rb, line 27
def self.destroy_association_async_job
  if _destroy_association_async_job.is_a?(String)
    self._destroy_association_async_job = _destroy_association_async_job.constantize
  end
  _destroy_association_async_job
rescue NameError => error
  raise NameError, "Unable to load destroy_association_async_job: #{error.message}"
end

enumerate_columns_in_select_statements

强制枚举 SELECT 语句中的所有列。例如,SELECT first_name, last_name FROM ... 而不是 SELECT * FROM ...。当在应用程序运行时将列添加到数据库时,这可以避免 PreparedStatementCacheExpired 错误。

# File activerecord/lib/active_record/core.rb, line 87
class_attribute :enumerate_columns_in_select_statements, instance_accessor: false, default: false

logger

接受符合 Log4r 接口或默认 Ruby Logger 类的记录器,然后将其传递给建立的任何新数据库连接。可以通过在活动记录模型类或活动记录模型实例上调用 logger 来检索此记录器。

# File activerecord/lib/active_record/core.rb, line 22
class_attribute :logger, instance_writer: false

new(attributes = nil)

新对象可以实例化为“空”(不传递构造参数)或预设为具有属性但尚未保存(传递一个哈希,其键名与关联表列名相匹配)。在这两种情况下,有效属性键由关联表的列名确定 - 因此,您不能拥有不属于表列一部分的属性。

示例

# Instantiates a single new object
User.new(first_name: 'Jamie')
# File activerecord/lib/active_record/core.rb, line 446
def initialize(attributes = nil)
  @new_record = true
  @attributes = self.class._default_attributes.deep_dup

  init_internals
  initialize_internals_callback

  assign_attributes(attributes) if attributes

  yield self if block_given?
  _run_initialize_callbacks
end

实例公共方法

<=>(other_object)

允许对对象进行排序

# File activerecord/lib/active_record/core.rb, line 633
def <=>(other_object)
  if other_object.is_a?(self.class)
    to_key <=> other_object.to_key
  else
    super
  end
end

==(comparison_object)

如果 comparison_object 是完全相同的对象,或者 comparison_object 是相同类型并且 self 有一个 ID 并且它等于 comparison_object.id,则返回 true。

请注意,根据定义,新记录与任何其他记录不同,除非其他记录是接收者本身。此外,如果您使用 select 提取现有记录并省略 ID,则您自己负责,此谓词将返回 false。

另请注意,销毁记录会保留其 ID 在模型实例中,因此已删除的模型仍然可比较。

别名:eql?
# File activerecord/lib/active_record/core.rb, line 599
def ==(comparison_object)
  super ||
    comparison_object.instance_of?(self.class) &&
    primary_key_values_present? &&
    comparison_object.id == id
end

clone

与 Ruby 的 clone 方法相同。这是一个“浅”拷贝。请注意,您的属性不会被拷贝。这意味着修改克隆的属性将修改原始属性,因为它们都指向相同的属性哈希。如果您需要属性哈希的副本,请使用 dup 方法。

user = User.first
new_user = user.clone
user.name               # => "Bob"
new_user.name = "Joe"
user.name               # => "Joe"

user.object_id == new_user.object_id            # => false
user.name.object_id == new_user.name.object_id  # => true

user.name.object_id == user.dup.name.object_id  # => false
# File activerecord/lib/active_record/core.rb, line 498
    

connection_handler()

# File activerecord/lib/active_record/core.rb, line 713
def connection_handler
  self.class.connection_handler
end

dup

复制的对象没有分配的 id,并且被视为新记录。请注意,这是一个“浅”拷贝,因为它只拷贝对象的属性,而不是它的关联。一个“深”拷贝的范围是特定于应用程序的,因此由应用程序根据其需要来实现。dup 方法不会保留时间戳 (created|updated)_(at|on) 和锁定列。

# File activerecord/lib/active_record/core.rb, line 515
    

encode_with(coder)

使用此记录中应序列化的属性填充 coder。在此方法中定义的 coder 结构保证与传递给 init_with 方法的 coder 结构匹配。

示例

class Post < ActiveRecord::Base
end
coder = {}
Post.new.encode_with(coder)
coder # => {"attributes" => {"id" => nil, ... }}
# File activerecord/lib/active_record/core.rb, line 555
def encode_with(coder)
  self.class.yaml_encoder.encode(@attributes, coder)
  coder["new_record"] = new_record?
  coder["active_record_yaml_version"] = 2
end

eql?(comparison_object)

别名:==

freeze()

克隆并冻结属性哈希,以便即使在销毁的记录中也能访问关联,但克隆的模型不会被冻结。

# File activerecord/lib/active_record/core.rb, line 622
def freeze
  @attributes = @attributes.clone.freeze
  self
end

frozen?()

如果属性哈希已冻结,则返回 true

# File activerecord/lib/active_record/core.rb, line 628
def frozen?
  @attributes.frozen?
end

hash()

委托给 id 以允许相同类型和 id 的两个记录使用类似以下内容进行处理

[ Person.find(1), Person.find(2), Person.find(3) ] & [ Person.find(1), Person.find(4) ] # => [ Person.find(1) ]
# File activerecord/lib/active_record/core.rb, line 609
def hash
  id = self.id

  if primary_key_values_present?
    self.class.hash ^ id.hash
  else
    super
  end
end

init_with(coder, &block)

coder 初始化一个空模型对象。coder 应该是使用 encode_with 对 ActiveRecord 模型进行编码的结果。

class Post < ActiveRecord::Base
end

old_post = Post.new(title: "hello world")
coder = {}
old_post.encode_with(coder)

post = Post.allocate
post.init_with(coder)
post.title # => 'hello world'
# File activerecord/lib/active_record/core.rb, line 473
def init_with(coder, &block)
  coder = LegacyYamlAdapter.convert(coder)
  attributes = self.class.yaml_encoder.decode(coder)
  init_with_attributes(attributes, coder["new_record"], &block)
end

inspect()

以格式良好的字符串形式返回记录的内容。

# File activerecord/lib/active_record/core.rb, line 718
def inspect
  # We check defined?(@attributes) not to issue warnings if the object is
  # allocated but not initialized.
  inspection = if defined?(@attributes) && @attributes
    attribute_names.filter_map do |name|
      if _has_attribute?(name)
        "#{name}: #{attribute_for_inspect(name)}"
      end
    end.join(", ")
  else
    "not initialized"
  end

  "#<#{self.class} #{inspection}>"
end

pretty_print(pp)

获取一个 PP 并漂亮地将此记录打印到其中,允许你在需要 pp 时从 pp record 中获得一个漂亮的结果。

# File activerecord/lib/active_record/core.rb, line 736
def pretty_print(pp)
  return super if custom_inspect_method_defined?
  pp.object_address_group(self) do
    if defined?(@attributes) && @attributes
      attr_names = self.class.attribute_names.select { |name| _has_attribute?(name) }
      pp.seplist(attr_names, proc { pp.text "," }) do |attr_name|
        pp.breakable " "
        pp.group(1) do
          pp.text attr_name
          pp.text ":"
          pp.breakable
          value = _read_attribute(attr_name)
          value = inspection_filter.filter_param(attr_name, value) unless value.nil?
          pp.pp value
        end
      end
    else
      pp.breakable " "
      pp.text "not initialized"
    end
  end
end

readonly!()

将此记录标记为只读。

customer = Customer.first
customer.readonly!
customer.save # Raises an ActiveRecord::ReadOnlyRecord
# File activerecord/lib/active_record/core.rb, line 709
def readonly!
  @readonly = true
end

readonly?()

如果记录是只读的,则返回 true

# File activerecord/lib/active_record/core.rb, line 650
def readonly?
  @readonly
end

slice(*methods)

返回给定方法的哈希,其名称作为键,返回的值作为值。

topic = Topic.new(title: "Budget", author_name: "Jason")
topic.slice(:title, :author_name)
=> { "title" => "Budget", "author_name" => "Jason" }
# File activerecord/lib/active_record/core.rb, line 562
    

strict_loading!(value = true, mode: :all)

将记录设置为严格加载模式。如果记录尝试延迟加载关联,这将引发错误。

user = User.first
user.strict_loading! # => true
user.address.city
=> ActiveRecord::StrictLoadingViolationError
user.comments.to_a
=> ActiveRecord::StrictLoadingViolationError

参数

  • value - 布尔值,指定是否启用或禁用严格加载。

  • :mode - Symbol 指定严格加载模式。默认为 :all。使用 :n_plus_one_only 模式,仅当延迟加载的关联将导致 n plus one 查询时才会引发错误。

示例

user = User.first
user.strict_loading!(false) # => false
user.address.city # => "Tatooine"
user.comments.to_a # => [#<Comment:0x00...]

user.strict_loading!(mode: :n_plus_one_only)
user.address.city # => "Tatooine"
user.comments.to_a # => [#<Comment:0x00...]
user.comments.first.ratings.to_a
=> ActiveRecord::StrictLoadingViolationError
# File activerecord/lib/active_record/core.rb, line 688
def strict_loading!(value = true, mode: :all)
  unless [:all, :n_plus_one_only].include?(mode)
    raise ArgumentError, "The :mode option must be one of [:all, :n_plus_one_only] but #{mode.inspect} was provided."
  end

  @strict_loading_mode = mode
  @strict_loading = value
end

strict_loading?()

如果记录处于严格加载模式,则返回 true

# File activerecord/lib/active_record/core.rb, line 655
def strict_loading?
  @strict_loading
end

strict_loading_n_plus_one_only?()

如果记录使用严格加载,并且启用了 :n_plus_one_only 模式,则返回 true

# File activerecord/lib/active_record/core.rb, line 700
def strict_loading_n_plus_one_only?
  @strict_loading_mode == :n_plus_one_only
end

values_at(*methods)

返回给定方法返回的值的数组。

topic = Topic.new(title: "Budget", author_name: "Jason")
topic.values_at(:title, :author_name)
=> ["Budget", "Jason"]
# File activerecord/lib/active_record/core.rb, line 577