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提供用于测试 Active Job 的辅助方法

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实例公共方法

assert_enqueued_jobs(number, only: nil, except: nil, queue: nil, &block)

断言已入队的作业数量与给定数量匹配。

def test_jobs
  assert_enqueued_jobs 0
  HelloJob.perform_later('david')
  assert_enqueued_jobs 1
  HelloJob.perform_later('abdelkader')
  assert_enqueued_jobs 2
end

如果传递了一个块,则断言该块将导致指定数量的作业入队。

def test_jobs_again
  assert_enqueued_jobs 1 do
    HelloJob.perform_later('cristian')
  end

  assert_enqueued_jobs 2 do
    HelloJob.perform_later('aaron')
    HelloJob.perform_later('rafael')
  end
end

通过传递:only选项,断言特定作业入队的次数。

def test_logging_job
  assert_enqueued_jobs 1, only: LoggingJob do
    LoggingJob.perform_later
    HelloJob.perform_later('jeremy')
  end
end

通过传递:except选项,断言除了特定类以外的作业入队的次数。

def test_logging_job
  assert_enqueued_jobs 1, except: HelloJob do
    LoggingJob.perform_later
    HelloJob.perform_later('jeremy')
  end
end

:only:except选项接受数组或Proc。当传递一个Proc时,将传递一个包含作业类及其参数的哈希作为参数。

通过传递:queue选项,断言作业入队到特定队列的次数。

def test_logging_job
  assert_enqueued_jobs 2, queue: 'default' do
    LoggingJob.perform_later
    HelloJob.perform_later('elfassy')
  end
end
# File activejob/lib/active_job/test_helper.rb, line 122
def assert_enqueued_jobs(number, only: nil, except: nil, queue: nil, &block)
  require_active_job_test_adapter!("assert_enqueued_jobs")

  if block_given?
    original_jobs = enqueued_jobs_with(only: only, except: except, queue: queue)

    _assert_nothing_raised_or_warn("assert_enqueued_jobs", &block)

    new_jobs = enqueued_jobs_with(only: only, except: except, queue: queue)

    actual_count = (new_jobs - original_jobs).count
  else
    actual_count = enqueued_jobs_with(only: only, except: except, queue: queue).count
  end

  assert_equal number, actual_count, "#{number} jobs expected, but #{actual_count} were enqueued"
end

assert_enqueued_with(job: nil, args: nil, at: nil, queue: nil, priority: nil, &block)

断言作业已使用给定的参数入队。

def test_assert_enqueued_with
  MyJob.perform_later(1,2,3)
  assert_enqueued_with(job: MyJob, args: [1,2,3])

  MyJob.set(wait_until: Date.tomorrow.noon, queue: "my_queue").perform_later
  assert_enqueued_with(at: Date.tomorrow.noon, queue: "my_queue")
end

对于关键字参数,将它们指定为数组中的哈希。

def test_assert_enqueued_with_keyword_arguments
  MyJob.perform_later(arg1: 'value1', arg2: 'value2')
  assert_enqueued_with(job: MyJob, args: [{ arg1: 'value1', arg2: 'value2' }])
end

给定的参数也可以指定为匹配器Proc,这些Proc返回一个布尔值,指示作业的属性是否满足某些条件。

例如,可以使用Proc来匹配时间范围

def test_assert_enqueued_with
  at_matcher = ->(job_at) { (Date.yesterday..Date.tomorrow).cover?(job_at) }

  MyJob.set(wait_until: Date.today.noon).perform_later

  assert_enqueued_with(job: MyJob, at: at_matcher)
end

Proc也可以用于匹配作业参数的子集

def test_assert_enqueued_with
  args_matcher = ->(job_args) { job_args[0].key?(:foo) }

  MyJob.perform_later(foo: "bar", other_arg: "No need to check in the test")

  assert_enqueued_with(job: MyJob, args: args_matcher)
end

如果传递了一个块,则断言该块将导致作业使用给定的参数入队。

def test_assert_enqueued_with
  assert_enqueued_with(job: MyJob, args: [1,2,3]) do
    MyJob.perform_later(1,2,3)
  end

  assert_enqueued_with(job: MyJob, at: Date.tomorrow.noon) do
    MyJob.set(wait_until: Date.tomorrow.noon).perform_later
  end
end
# File activejob/lib/active_job/test_helper.rb, line 406
def assert_enqueued_with(job: nil, args: nil, at: nil, queue: nil, priority: nil, &block)
  require_active_job_test_adapter!("assert_enqueued_with")

  expected = { job: job, args: args, at: at, queue: queue, priority: priority }.compact
  expected_args = prepare_args_for_assertion(expected)
  potential_matches = []

  if block_given?
    original_enqueued_jobs = enqueued_jobs.dup

    _assert_nothing_raised_or_warn("assert_enqueued_with", &block)

    jobs = enqueued_jobs - original_enqueued_jobs
  else
    jobs = enqueued_jobs
  end

  matching_job = jobs.find do |enqueued_job|
    deserialized_job = deserialize_args_for_assertion(enqueued_job)
    potential_matches << deserialized_job

    expected_args.all? do |key, value|
      if value.respond_to?(:call)
        value.call(deserialized_job[key])
      else
        value == deserialized_job[key]
      end
    end
  end

  matching_class = potential_matches.select do |enqueued_job|
    enqueued_job["job_class"] == job.to_s
  end

  message = +"No enqueued job found with #{expected}"
  if potential_matches.empty?
    message << "\n\nNo jobs were enqueued"
  elsif matching_class.empty?
    message << "\n\nNo jobs of class #{expected[:job]} were enqueued, job classes enqueued: "
    message << potential_matches.map { |job| job["job_class"] }.join(", ")
  else
    message << "\n\nPotential matches: #{matching_class.join("\n")}"
  end

  assert matching_job, message
  instantiate_job(matching_job)
end

assert_no_enqueued_jobs(only: nil, except: nil, queue: nil, &block)

断言没有作业入队。

def test_jobs
  assert_no_enqueued_jobs
  HelloJob.perform_later('jeremy')
  assert_enqueued_jobs 1
end

如果传递了一个块,则断言该块不会导致任何作业入队。

def test_jobs_again
  assert_no_enqueued_jobs do
    # No job should be enqueued from this block
  end
end

通过传递:only选项,断言没有特定类型的作业入队。

def test_no_logging
  assert_no_enqueued_jobs only: LoggingJob do
    HelloJob.perform_later('jeremy')
  end
end

通过传递:except选项,断言除了特定类以外的作业没有入队。

def test_no_logging
  assert_no_enqueued_jobs except: HelloJob do
    HelloJob.perform_later('jeremy')
  end
end

:only:except选项接受数组或Proc。当传递一个Proc时,将传递一个包含作业类及其参数的哈希作为参数。

通过传递:queue选项,断言没有作业入队到特定队列。

def test_no_logging
  assert_no_enqueued_jobs queue: 'default' do
    LoggingJob.set(queue: :some_queue).perform_later
  end
end

注意:此断言只是assert_enqueued_jobs(0, ...)的快捷方式。

assert_enqueued_jobs 0, &block
# File activejob/lib/active_job/test_helper.rb, line 186
def assert_no_enqueued_jobs(only: nil, except: nil, queue: nil, &block)
  require_active_job_test_adapter!("assert_no_enqueued_jobs")

  assert_enqueued_jobs 0, only: only, except: except, queue: queue, &block
end

assert_no_performed_jobs(only: nil, except: nil, queue: nil, &block)

断言没有作业已执行。

def test_jobs
  assert_no_performed_jobs

  perform_enqueued_jobs do
    HelloJob.perform_later('matthew')
    assert_performed_jobs 1
  end
end

如果传递了一个块,则断言该块不会导致任何作业执行。

def test_jobs_again
  assert_no_performed_jobs do
    # No job should be performed from this block
  end
end

块形式支持过滤。如果指定了:only选项,则只列出的作业不会执行。

def test_no_logging
  assert_no_performed_jobs only: LoggingJob do
    HelloJob.perform_later('jeremy')
  end
end

同样,如果指定了:except选项,则除了特定类以外的作业不会执行。

def test_no_logging
  assert_no_performed_jobs except: HelloJob do
    HelloJob.perform_later('jeremy')
  end
end

:only:except选项接受数组或Proc。当传递一个Proc时,将传递作业的实例作为参数。

如果指定了:queue选项,则只入队到特定队列的作业不会执行。

def test_assert_no_performed_jobs_with_queue_option
  assert_no_performed_jobs queue: :some_queue do
    HelloJob.set(queue: :other_queue).perform_later("jeremy")
  end
end

注意:此断言只是assert_enqueued_jobs(0, ...)的快捷方式。

assert_performed_jobs 0, &block
# File activejob/lib/active_job/test_helper.rb, line 348
def assert_no_performed_jobs(only: nil, except: nil, queue: nil, &block)
  require_active_job_test_adapter!("assert_no_performed_jobs")

  assert_performed_jobs 0, only: only, except: except, queue: queue, &block
end

assert_performed_jobs(number, only: nil, except: nil, queue: nil, &block)

断言已执行的作业数量与给定数量匹配。如果没有传递块,则必须在作业调用前后调用perform_enqueued_jobs

def test_jobs
  assert_performed_jobs 0

  perform_enqueued_jobs do
    HelloJob.perform_later('xavier')
  end
  assert_performed_jobs 1

  HelloJob.perform_later('yves')

  perform_enqueued_jobs

  assert_performed_jobs 2
end

如果传递了一个块,则断言该块将导致指定数量的作业执行。

def test_jobs_again
  assert_performed_jobs 1 do
    HelloJob.perform_later('robin')
  end

  assert_performed_jobs 2 do
    HelloJob.perform_later('carlos')
    HelloJob.perform_later('sean')
  end
end

此方法还支持过滤。如果指定了:only选项,则只列出的作业将执行。

def test_hello_job
  assert_performed_jobs 1, only: HelloJob do
    HelloJob.perform_later('jeremy')
    LoggingJob.perform_later
  end
end

同样,如果指定了:except选项,则除了特定类以外的作业将执行。

def test_hello_job
  assert_performed_jobs 1, except: LoggingJob do
    HelloJob.perform_later('jeremy')
    LoggingJob.perform_later
  end
end

还可以指定一个数组,以支持测试多个作业。

def test_hello_and_logging_jobs
  assert_nothing_raised do
    assert_performed_jobs 2, only: [HelloJob, LoggingJob] do
      HelloJob.perform_later('jeremy')
      LoggingJob.perform_later('stewie')
      RescueJob.perform_later('david')
    end
  end
end

也可以指定一个Proc。当传递一个Proc时,将传递作业的实例作为参数。

def test_hello_and_logging_jobs
  assert_nothing_raised do
    assert_performed_jobs(1, only: ->(job) { job.is_a?(HelloJob) }) do
      HelloJob.perform_later('jeremy')
      LoggingJob.perform_later('stewie')
      RescueJob.perform_later('david')
    end
  end
end

如果指定了:queue选项,则只入队到特定队列的作业将执行。

def test_assert_performed_jobs_with_queue_option
  assert_performed_jobs 1, queue: :some_queue do
    HelloJob.set(queue: :some_queue).perform_later("jeremy")
    HelloJob.set(queue: :other_queue).perform_later("bogdan")
  end
end
# File activejob/lib/active_job/test_helper.rb, line 278
def assert_performed_jobs(number, only: nil, except: nil, queue: nil, &block)
  require_active_job_test_adapter!("assert_performed_jobs")

  if block_given?
    original_count = performed_jobs.size

    perform_enqueued_jobs(only: only, except: except, queue: queue, &block)

    new_count = performed_jobs.size

    performed_jobs_size = new_count - original_count
  else
    performed_jobs_size = performed_jobs_with(only: only, except: except, queue: queue).count
  end

  assert_equal number, performed_jobs_size, "#{number} jobs expected, but #{performed_jobs_size} were performed"
end

assert_performed_with(job: nil, args: nil, at: nil, queue: nil, priority: nil, &block)

断言作业已使用给定的参数执行。

def test_assert_performed_with
  MyJob.perform_later(1,2,3)

  perform_enqueued_jobs

  assert_performed_with(job: MyJob, args: [1,2,3])

  MyJob.set(wait_until: Date.tomorrow.noon, queue: "my_queue").perform_later

  perform_enqueued_jobs

  assert_performed_with(at: Date.tomorrow.noon, queue: "my_queue")
end

给定的参数也可以指定为匹配器Proc,这些Proc返回一个布尔值,指示作业的属性是否满足某些条件。

例如,可以使用Proc来匹配时间范围

def test_assert_performed_with
  at_matcher = ->(job_at) { (Date.yesterday..Date.tomorrow).cover?(job_at) }

  MyJob.set(wait_until: Date.today.noon).perform_later

  perform_enqueued_jobs

  assert_performed_with(job: MyJob, at: at_matcher)
end

Proc也可以用于匹配作业参数的子集

def test_assert_performed_with
  args_matcher = ->(job_args) { job_args[0].key?(:foo) }

  MyJob.perform_later(foo: "bar", other_arg: "No need to check in the test")

  perform_enqueued_jobs

  assert_performed_with(job: MyJob, args: args_matcher)
end

如果传递了一个块,则该块执行在块持续时间内入队的全部作业,并断言作业已使用块中的给定参数执行。

def test_assert_performed_with
  assert_performed_with(job: MyJob, args: [1,2,3]) do
    MyJob.perform_later(1,2,3)
  end

  assert_performed_with(job: MyJob, at: Date.tomorrow.noon) do
    MyJob.set(wait_until: Date.tomorrow.noon).perform_later
  end
end
# File activejob/lib/active_job/test_helper.rb, line 510
def assert_performed_with(job: nil, args: nil, at: nil, queue: nil, priority: nil, &block)
  require_active_job_test_adapter!("assert_performed_with")

  expected = { job: job, args: args, at: at, queue: queue, priority: priority }.compact
  expected_args = prepare_args_for_assertion(expected)
  potential_matches = []

  if block_given?
    original_performed_jobs_count = performed_jobs.count

    perform_enqueued_jobs(&block)

    jobs = performed_jobs.drop(original_performed_jobs_count)
  else
    jobs = performed_jobs
  end

  matching_job = jobs.find do |enqueued_job|
    deserialized_job = deserialize_args_for_assertion(enqueued_job)
    potential_matches << deserialized_job

    expected_args.all? do |key, value|
      if value.respond_to?(:call)
        value.call(deserialized_job[key])
      else
        value == deserialized_job[key]
      end
    end
  end

  matching_class = potential_matches.select do |enqueued_job|
    enqueued_job["job_class"] == job.to_s
  end

  message = +"No performed job found with #{expected}"
  if potential_matches.empty?
    message << "\n\nNo jobs were performed"
  elsif matching_class.empty?
    message << "\n\nNo jobs of class #{expected[:job]} were performed, job classes performed: "
    message << potential_matches.map { |job| job["job_class"] }.join(", ")
  else
    message << "\n\nPotential matches: #{matching_class.join("\n")}"
  end

  assert matching_job, message

  instantiate_job(matching_job)
end

perform_enqueued_jobs(only: nil, except: nil, queue: nil, at: nil, &block)

执行所有入队的作业。如果给出了一个块,则执行在块持续时间内入队的全部作业。如果没有给出块,则执行到测试此时为止的所有入队作业。

def test_perform_enqueued_jobs
  perform_enqueued_jobs do
    MyJob.perform_later(1, 2, 3)
  end
  assert_performed_jobs 1
end

def test_perform_enqueued_jobs_without_block
  MyJob.perform_later(1, 2, 3)

  perform_enqueued_jobs

  assert_performed_jobs 1
end

此方法还支持过滤。如果指定了:only选项,则只列出的作业将执行。

def test_perform_enqueued_jobs_with_only
  perform_enqueued_jobs(only: MyJob) do
    MyJob.perform_later(1, 2, 3) # will be performed
    HelloJob.perform_later(1, 2, 3) # will not be performed
  end
  assert_performed_jobs 1
end

同样,如果指定了:except选项,则除了特定类以外的作业将执行。

def test_perform_enqueued_jobs_with_except
  perform_enqueued_jobs(except: HelloJob) do
    MyJob.perform_later(1, 2, 3) # will be performed
    HelloJob.perform_later(1, 2, 3) # will not be performed
  end
  assert_performed_jobs 1
end

:only:except选项接受数组或Proc。当传递一个Proc时,将传递作业的实例作为参数。

如果指定了:queue选项,则只入队到特定队列的作业将执行。

def test_perform_enqueued_jobs_with_queue
  perform_enqueued_jobs queue: :some_queue do
    MyJob.set(queue: :some_queue).perform_later(1, 2, 3) # will be performed
    HelloJob.set(queue: :other_queue).perform_later(1, 2, 3) # will not be performed
  end
  assert_performed_jobs 1
end

如果指定了:at选项,则只执行已入队在给定时间或之前运行的作业。这包括已入队但没有时间的作业。

如果queue_adapter_for_test被重写为返回不同的适配器,则perform_enqueued_jobs将仅仅执行块。

# File activejob/lib/active_job/test_helper.rb, line 620
def perform_enqueued_jobs(only: nil, except: nil, queue: nil, at: nil, &block)
  unless block_given?
    require_active_job_test_adapter!("perform_enqueued_jobs (without a block)")
    return flush_enqueued_jobs(only: only, except: except, queue: queue, at: at)
  end

  return _assert_nothing_raised_or_warn("perform_enqueued_jobs", &block) unless using_test_adapter?

  validate_option(only: only, except: except)

  old_perform_enqueued_jobs = queue_adapter.perform_enqueued_jobs
  old_perform_enqueued_at_jobs = queue_adapter.perform_enqueued_at_jobs
  old_filter = queue_adapter.filter
  old_reject = queue_adapter.reject
  old_queue = queue_adapter.queue
  old_at = queue_adapter.at

  begin
    queue_adapter.perform_enqueued_jobs = true
    queue_adapter.perform_enqueued_at_jobs = true
    queue_adapter.filter = only
    queue_adapter.reject = except
    queue_adapter.queue = queue
    queue_adapter.at = at

    _assert_nothing_raised_or_warn("perform_enqueued_jobs", &block)
  ensure
    queue_adapter.perform_enqueued_jobs = old_perform_enqueued_jobs
    queue_adapter.perform_enqueued_at_jobs = old_perform_enqueued_at_jobs
    queue_adapter.filter = old_filter
    queue_adapter.reject = old_reject
    queue_adapter.queue = old_queue
    queue_adapter.at = old_at
  end
end

queue_adapter()

访问由ActiveJob::Base设置的queue_adapter

def test_assert_job_has_custom_queue_adapter_set
  assert_instance_of CustomQueueAdapter, HelloJob.queue_adapter
end
# File activejob/lib/active_job/test_helper.rb, line 661
def queue_adapter
  ActiveJob::Base.queue_adapter
end

queue_adapter_for_test()

返回一个要与所有 Active Job 测试助手一起使用的队列适配器实例。默认情况下,返回ActiveJob::QueueAdapters::TestAdapter的实例。重写此方法以指定不同的适配器。适配器必须实现与ActiveJob::QueueAdapters::TestAdapter相同的接口。

# File activejob/lib/active_job/test_helper.rb, line 66
def queue_adapter_for_test
end